A private limited company is a separate legal entity with limited liability, perpetual succession, and the ability to raise equity. It is the structure most promoters choose when they want credibility with customers, banks, and investors.
Incorporation runs through Digital Signature Certificates, name reservation, and the SPICe+ linked filing of the memorandum, articles, PAN, and TAN. After the Certificate of Incorporation we set up the first statutory registers, share certificates, and the calendar of ROC filings so the company does not start life already in default.